SciShow: The "Lost" Recipe for Damascus Steel

Teacher or professor: SciShow
Subject: Science
Content of the Lesson: SciShow is supported by Brilliant.org. Go to https://Brilliant.org/SciShow to get 20% off of an annual Premium subscription. Damascus steel blades were not only visually stunning with their intricate, swirling patterns, but they were also known for being incredibly sharp. Unfortunately, the recipe for making them was lost over time and we haven't been able to make a batch of true Damascus swords since the 1800s. Hosted by: Michael Aranda SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Silas Emrys, Drew Hart, Jeffrey Mckishen, James Knight, Christoph Schwanke, Jacob, Matt Curls, Christopher R Boucher, Eric Jensen, Adam Brainard, Nazara, GrowingViolet, Ash, Laura Sanborn, Sam Lutfi, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, charles george, Alex Hackman, Chris Peters, Kevin Bealer, Alisa Sherbow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: http://www.hefajstos.agh.edu.pl/files/[1998]%20The%20Mystery%20of%20the%20Damascus%20Sword%20-%20J.%20Verhoeven%20A.%20Pendray.pdf https://www.academia.edu/download/1896416/Feuerbach_JOM_Archaeotech.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7215521/ https://www.e-education.psu.edu/matse81/node/2142 https://www.britannica.com/technology/smelting https://www.penn.museum/sites/expedition/adventures-in-experimental-smelting/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440310001925 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11837-006-0023-y https://www.britannica.com/technology/crucible https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/ammin/article-abstract/103/7/1080/537158 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00245 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/mst.1994.10.11.955 https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/acid-solution-for-nanotube-fibres/3000269.article https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2010/press-release/ https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/cphc.201300337 https://www.nature.com/articles/444286a https://www.nature.com/articles/s41578-020-0219-8 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Li-Yuhang-2/publication/345003734_Dramatic_improvement_of_impact_toughness_for_the_fabricating_of_low-_carbon_steel_components_via_submerged_arc_additive_manufacturing/links/5f9bf258458515b7cfa96f61/Dramatic-improvement-of-impact-toughness-for-the-fabricating-of-low-carbon-steel-components-via-submerged-arc-additive-manufacturing.pdf https://www.oldfieldforge.co.uk/history-of-blacksmithing/ https://www.tf.uni-kiel.de/matwis/amat/iss/kap_a/illustr/ia_2_4.html https://www.tf.uni-kiel.de/matwis/amat/iss/kap_a/backbone/ra_4_1.html#Bulad%20egg https://journals.openedition.org/ceroart/2557 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11837-018-2915-z Images: https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/traditional-handmade-finnish-knife-made-of-damascus-steel-gm1055892112-282172168 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GDCN0024216_banded_iron_ore_(50189012776).jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%C5%9Awi%C4%99to_%C5%9Al%C4%85ska_piec_p.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iron_bloom.jpg https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/iron-pour-gm174832184-22682972 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Syria_(orthographic_projection).svg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vanadium-bar.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kohlenstoffnanoroehre_Animation.gif https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/vanadium-metal-crystal-isolated-gm1248505003-363634076 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Watered_pattern_on_sword_blade1.Iran.JPG https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kristallstruktur_Zementit.png https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/background-with-pattern-of-damask-steel-close-up-macro-shot-of-a-damascus-steel-gm1137938262-303613320 https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/molten-steel-gm183805301-16168644 https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/carbon-nanotube-gm160380750-21693830 https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/small-pieces-of-strong-metal-ore-gm157526585-11616805 https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/beautiful-luxurious-utility-knife-in-texas-wind-damask-pattern-gm1309449852-399160673 https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/close-up-texture-of-damuscus-steel-pattern-background-gm1034919208-277074453 https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/steel-texture-abstract-background-made-of-steel-gm531586393-55465608


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